Documentation summary

Documentation summary#

HED publications#

Journal articles#

Introducing the HED SCORE library schema for annotation of EEG in clinical: settings:

Hermes, D., Pal Attia, T., Beniczky, S. et al. (2025).
Hierarchical Event Descriptor library schema for EEG data annotation.
Scientific Data volume 12, Article number 1448 (2025).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-05791-2.

Introducing the HED Lang library schema for annotation of linguistic stimulations:

Denissen, M., Pöll, B., Robbins, K. Makeig, S. and Hutzler, F. (2024).
HED LANG –A Hierarchical Event Descriptors library extension for annotation of language cognition experiments.
Scientific Data volume 11, Article number: 1428 (2024)
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-024-04282-0#:~:text=The%20HED%20LANG%20extension%20will,readily%20reused%20for%20further%20analysis..

Practical use of HED SCORE:

Dan, J., Pale, U. Amirshahi, A., Capelletti, W. Ingolfsson, T., Wang, X., Cossettini, A., Bernini, A. Benini, L., Beniczky, S., Atienza, D., and P. Ryvlin (2024).
SzCORE: Seizure Community Open-Source Research Evaluation framework for the validation
of electroencephalography-based automated seizure detection algorithms
Epilepsia, Sept 18, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.18113.

Conceptual framework for HED and path for future development:

Makeig, S. and K. Robbins (2024).
Events in context—The HED framework for the study of brain, experience and behavior.
Front. Neuroinform. Vol. 18 Research Topic 15 Years of impact, open neuroscience.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2024.1292667.

Explanation of the history, development, and motivation for third generation HED:

Robbins, K., Truong, D., Jones, A., Callanan, I., and S. Makeig (2022).
Building FAIR functionality: Annotating events in time series data using Hierarchical Event Descriptors (HED).
Neuroinformatics Special Issue Building the NeuroCommons. Neuroinformatics https://doi.org/10.1007/s12021-021-09537-4.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12021-021-09537-4.

Detailed case study in using HED for tagging:

Robbins, K., Truong, D., Appelhoff, S., Delorme, A., and S. Makeig (2021).
Capturing the nature of events and event context using Hierarchical Event Descriptors (HED).
NeuroImage Special Issue Practice in MEEG. NeuroImage 245 (2021) 118766.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811921010387.

Preprints#

Development of the HED SCORE library schema for clinical annotation of EEG:

D. Hermes, Pal Attia, T., Beniczky, S., Bosch-Bayard, J., Delorme, A., Lundstrom, B., Rogers, C., Rampp, S.,
Shirazi, S., Truong, D., Valdes-Sosa, P., Worrell, G., Makeig, S., and Robbins, K. (2024).
Hierarchical Event Descriptor library schema for EEG data annotation.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.15173.
DOI:10.48550/arXiv.2310.15173.

Book chapters#

Truong, D., Robbins, K., Delorme, A., and S. Makeig (2025).
End-to-end processing of M/EEG data with BIDS, HED, and EEGLAB. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-4260-3_6.
in Methods for analyzing large neuroimaging datasets edited by Whelan and Lemaitre.

Denissen, D., Richlan, F., Birklbauer, J., Pawlik, M., Ravenschlag, A., Himmelstoss, N., Hutzler, F. and K. Robbins (in press).
Actionable event annotation and analysis in fMRI: A practical guide to event handling.
https://link.springer.com/protocol/10.1007/978-1-0716-4260-3_7.
in Methods for analyzing large neuroimaging datasets edited by Whelan and Lemaitre.

HED schema viewer#

The HED schema is usually developed in .mediawiki format and converted to XML for use by tools. However, researchers wishing to tag datasets will find both of these views hard to read. All versions of the standard schema and library schemas including the prerelease versions available via the expandable HTML viewer. The .mediawiki sources can be viewed on the **hed-schemas GitHub repository using GitHub’s default markdown viewer.

HED Websites#

The following is a summary of the HED-related websites:

Description

Site

HED project homepage

https://www.hedtags.org

HED resources (docs)

https://www.hedtags.org/hed-resources

HED Wikipedia Page

https://https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hierarchical_Event_Descriptors

HED specification

https://www.hedtags.org/hed-specification

CTAGGER executable jar

hed-standard/hed-java

Repositories

HED organization

hed-standard

HED specification

hed-standard/hed-specification

HED examples and datasets

hed-standard/hed-examples

HED Python tools

hed-standard/hed-python

HED Javascript code

hed-standard/hed-javascript

HED Matlab code and EEGLAB support

hed-standard/hed-matlab

HED web deployment

hed-standard/hed-web

HED-2G support

hed-standard/hed2-python

CTAGGER resources

hed-standard/CTagger

Online tools

HED tools

https://hedtools.org

HED tools (development)

https://hedtools.org/hed_dev

Browser-based validation

https://www.hedtags.org/hed-javascript/

HED working documents#

Mapping of HED terms and their descriptions to known ontologies is:

Two other working documents hold portions of the HED-3G specification that are under development and will not be finalized for Release 1:

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