Motor Preparation, Timing, and Execution¶
Scope: Motor planning, response selection, motor preparation, action initiation, response execution, motor timing, motor sequence learning, motor memory, visuomotor adaptation, fine motor control, reaching, grasping, saccade, antisaccade, proprioception, vocal-motor control.
Out of scope: Motor traits (handedness, dexterity); motor umbrella concepts.
Note
Open issues: Antisaccade is currently filed here; it could be argued into Inhibitory Control (since it centrally depends on prepotent-saccade inhibition). Retained here because it is an oculomotor output measure. Proprioception is the only pure-perception row here; if it ever moves out it would go to Face and Object Perception’s non-visual pocket.
This category contains 16 processes.
Action initiation¶
Process ID: hed_action_initiation
Triggering of an action after planning is complete.
Tasks that engage this process: none in the current Catalog.
Fundamental references
Libet, Gleason, Wright & Pearl (1983) Brain 106:623–642 (DOI)
Further references
Antisaccade¶
Process ID: hed_antisaccade
Also known as: anti-saccade
Voluntary eye movement away from a peripheral stimulus, requiring inhibition of a prepotent saccade.
Tasks that engage this process: Anti-Saccade Task
Fundamental references
Hallett (1978) Vision Research 18:1279–1296 (DOI)
Further references
Fine motor control¶
Process ID: hed_fine_motor_control
Precise control of small-amplitude movements, typically of the hand and fingers.
Tasks that engage this process: Finger Tapping Task, Mirror Tracing Task, Motor Sequence Learning Task
Grasping¶
Process ID: hed_grasping
Shaping and closure of the hand around an object.
Tasks that engage this process: none in the current Catalog.
Further references
Motor memory¶
Process ID: hed_motor_memory
Long-term retention of motor skills and procedures.
Tasks that engage this process: none in the current Catalog.
Fundamental references
Karni, Meyer, Rey-Hipolito, Jezzard, Adams, Turner & Ungerleider (1998) PNAS 95:861–868 (DOI)
Motor planning¶
Process ID: hed_motor_planning
Also known as: movement planning
Specification of movement parameters before execution.
Tasks that engage this process: Intentional Binding Task, Mirror Tracing Task, Motor Sequence Learning Task, Trail Making Task
Fundamental references
Keele (1968) Psychological Bulletin 70:387–403 (DOI)
Motor preparation¶
Process ID: hed_motor_preparation
Also known as: movement preparation
Neural readiness state preceding movement, indexed by the readiness potential and LRP.
Tasks that engage this process: Anti-Saccade Task, Finger Tapping Task, Psychological Refractory Period Task, Serial Reaction Time Task, Stop-Signal Task
Fundamental references
Further references
Motor sequence learning¶
Process ID: hed_motor_sequence_learning
Acquisition of a skilled sequence of movements through repetition.
Tasks that engage this process: Motor Sequence Learning Task, Serial Reaction Time Task
Fundamental references
Nissen & Bullemer (1987) Cognitive Psychology 19:1–32 (DOI)
Further references
Motor timing¶
Process ID: hed_motor_timing
Production or estimation of temporal intervals in motor output.
Tasks that engage this process: Finger Tapping Task
Fundamental references
Wing & Kristofferson (1973) Perception & Psychophysics 14:5–12 (DOI)
Further references
Merchant, Harrington & Meck (2013) Annual Review of Neuroscience 36:313–336 (DOI)
Proprioception¶
Process ID: hed_proprioception
Perception of body position and movement from muscle, tendon, and joint receptors.
Tasks that engage this process: none in the current Catalog.
Fundamental references
Sherrington (1906) The Integrative Action of the Nervous System Yale University Press (DOI)
Reaching¶
Process ID: hed_reaching
Goal-directed arm movement toward a spatial target.
Tasks that engage this process: none in the current Catalog.
Fundamental references
Jeannerod (1988) The Neural and Behavioural Organization of Goal-Directed Movements Clarendon Press
Further references
Shadmehr, Smith & Krakauer (2010) Annual Review of Neuroscience 33:89–108 (DOI)
Response execution¶
Process ID: hed_response_execution
Also known as: movement execution
Overt production of a selected response in accordance with task demands.
Tasks that engage this process: Digit Symbol Substitution Task, Finger Tapping Task, Monetary Incentive Delay Task, Psychological Refractory Period Task, Psychomotor Vigilance Task, Serial Reaction Time Task, Stop-Signal Task, Trail Making Task
Fundamental references
Sternberg, Monsell, Knoll & Wright (1978) in Information Processing in Motor Control (DOI)
Further references
Response selection¶
Process ID: hed_response_selection
Also known as: action selection
Choice of an action from a set of alternatives.
Tasks that engage this process: Affective Priming Task, Eriksen Flanker Task, Go/No-Go Task, Mental Rotation Task, N-Back Task, Psychological Refractory Period Task, Random Dot Kinematogram Task, Simon Task, Sternberg Item Recognition Task, Task Switching Task, Verb Generation Task
Further references
Cisek & Kalaska (2010) Annual Review of Neuroscience 33:269–298 (DOI)
Saccade¶
Process ID: hed_saccade
Also known as: saccadic
Rapid ballistic eye movement between points of fixation.
Tasks that engage this process: Anti-Saccade Task
Fundamental references
Yarbus (1967) Eye Movements and Vision (DOI)
Further references
Visuomotor adaptation¶
Process ID: hed_visuomotor_adaptation
Also known as: sensorimotor adaptation
Recalibration of movement in response to perturbations of the mapping between vision and action.
Tasks that engage this process: Mirror Tracing Task
Vocal-motor control¶
Process ID: hed_vocal_motor_control
Also known as: speech motor control
Control of the articulators for speech production and vocalization.
Tasks that engage this process: none in the current Catalog.
Fundamental references
Guenther (1995) Psychological Review 102:594–621 (DOI)
Further references